Skip to main content

Summary: Eugene Nida (Principles of Correspondence)

Nida begins by asserting that given that "no two languages are identical, either in the meanings given to corresponding symbols or in the ways in which symbols are arranged in phrases and sentences, it stands to reason that there can be no absolute correspondence between languages. Hence, there can be no fully exact translations." While the impact of a translation may be close to the original, there can be no identity in detail.
Nida then sets forth the differences in translation, as he would account for it, within three basic factors: The nature of the message: in some messages the content is of primary consideration, and in others the form must be given a higher priority. The purpose of the author and of the translator: to give information on both form and content; to aim at full intelligibility of the reader so he/she may understand the full implications of the message; for imperative purposes that aim at not just understanding the translation but also at ensuring no misunderstanding of the translation.The type of audience: prospective audiences differ both in decoding ability and in potential interest.
Nida brings in the reminder that while there are no such things as "identical equivalents" in translating, what one must in translating seek to do is find the "closest natural equivalent". Here he identifies two basic orientations in translating based on two different types of equivalence: Formal Equivalence (F-E) and Dynamic Equivalence (D-E).
F-E focuses attention on the message itself, in both form and content. Such translations then would be concerned with such correspondences as poetry to poetry, sentence to sentence, and concept to concept. Such a formal orientation that typifies this type of structural equivalence is called a "gloss translation" in which the translator aims at reproducing as literally and meaningfully as possible the form and content of the original. The principles governing an F-E translation would then be: reproduction of grammatical units; consistency in word usage; and meanings in terms of the source context.
D-E on the other hand aims at complete "naturalness" of expression. A D-E translation is directed primarily towards equivalence of response rather than equivalence of form. The relationship between the target language receptor and message should be substantially the same as that which existed between the original (source language) receptors and the message.

The principles governing a D-E translation then would be: conformance of a translation to the receptor language and culture as a whole; and the translation must be in accordance with the context of the message which involves the stylistic selection and arrangement of message constituents.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

On Destroying the Books: Second Year English, Lesson # 5

Summary J.C. Squire is British poet, critic and a well-known humorous writer. He selects unusual topics and turns them in ridiculous situation to create humor. “On Destroying Books” deals with a simple problem but he presents it in such a beautiful way that it holds the reader in suspense till the end of the story. In this essay, tea writer has told us about his adventure of throwing away the unwanted collection of books.             Mr. Squire beings his story concerning news published in a daily. According to it about two million books were presented to the soldiers. Most of them were ordinary and quite book and old magazines. The writer suggests that lose their charm gradually. These books must be destroyed to make room for new ones. The writer does not consider it an easy task because these do not have as many lives as a cat and they die-hard.            ...
13 comments
Read more

Reference To Context:: Learn it and get 5 out of Five marks

How to do RTC in the paper? Reference:       (According to poem) Context:          (According to Poem) Explanation: In these lines the poet tells about _______________. These lines have many layers of meanings. The upper meaning of these lines is very easy to understand even by the common reader. But the hidden meaning of these lines is complex and thought provoking. In these lines, the poet says that ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ . Rhyme scheme of these lines is ____________________. These lines give us a very important lesson. For Example. Explain the following with reference to context:                               ...
43 comments
Read more

The Man Who Was A Hospital: Lesson # 6, English Second Year

The Man Who Was A Hospital The Man Who was a Hospital" is an example of Jerome’s fine humour. He exaggerates but the story is based upon sound observation of human behaviour. Many persons with a little knowledge of diseases and their symptoms think that they are suffering from such diseases.    Jerome Klapka Jerome was born on May 2,1859. His father name was Jerome clap.He had two sisters and one brother .His father was died when he was only 13 years old and his mother died when he was only 15. He worked in Railway for four years.Then he joined theater with his sister. But after three years whenhe saw no success in theatre he left it.He started towrite stories ,essay and satires.During this time he worked as a teacher in schools,a packer and clerk.   He was an English writer and humorist, His best book is " three men in a boat " which was written in 1889. His second best book was Idol thoughts of an idle fellow.Hisanother book is My life and Times which wa...
3 comments
Read more